Regular OBGYN exams provide valuable insights into women’s and AFAB individuals’ health across all stages of life. These exams support early detection of various health conditions while focusing on both preventive care and ongoing health maintenance. Here is more information on three common OBGYN exams, offering insight into their purpose and what to expect during the process:
Pap Smear
Pap smear and HPV testing are primary tools for cervical cancer screening performed by an OBGYN. A Pap smear detects abnormal cells in the cervix, while HPV testing identifies the presence of high-risk human papillomavirus strains associated with cervical cancer. During the procedure, the healthcare provider collects cell samples from the cervix using a small brush or swab. These samples are sent to a lab for analysis.
Women aged 21 to 65 typically undergo a Pap smear every three to five years, depending on their age and health history. Adding HPV testing to the routine screening may occur for individuals 30 years or older, with combined testing extending the screening interval to five years if results are normal. These procedures detect changes in cervical cells earlier, allowing for timely treatment and prevention of serious health conditions.
Pelvic Exam
A pelvic exam evaluates the health of the reproductive organs. This includes the vulva, vagina, cervix, uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries. It is often part of an annual checkup and may accompany Pap smear tests based on individual needs. During the exam, the healthcare provider visually inspects the external genitalia for abnormalities such as swelling, sores, or irritation. They then use a speculum to examine the vaginal canal and cervix.
A bimanual examination follows, where one hand presses on the abdomen while two fingers are inserted into the vagina to assess the size, shape, and position of the uterus and ovaries. This helps in detecting abnormalities like cysts, growths, or signs of infection. Pelvic exams provide a comprehensive assessment of reproductive health and aid in diagnosing conditions such as fibroids or ovarian cysts.
Breast Exam
A breast exam focuses on detecting abnormalities within breast tissue, including lumps or changes connected to breast cancer. Regular breast exams by a healthcare provider complement self-examinations and mammograms in monitoring breast health. During the assessment, the healthcare provider visually inspects the breasts for changes in shape, size, or skin texture. They also use their hands to feel for lumps or irregularities while observing any tenderness or discharge.
Breast exams are particularly recommended during annual checkups and may be requested more frequently depending on personal or family medical history. Performing regular self-checks in between exams is recommended. These exams help identify issues early and guide further testing if needed, such as mammograms or biopsies.
Find an OBGYN
Regular OBGYN exams are instrumental in maintaining reproductive and overall health. Pap smear and HPV testing enable early detection of cervical abnormalities, pelvic exams assess reproductive organ health, and breast exams monitor changes in breast tissue. Together, these evaluations form a foundation for proactive health care. Scheduling routine checkups fosters ongoing wellness and aids in identifying potential issues before they progress. Speak to a healthcare provider to learn more about these exams and their role in supporting your health.
