Bipolar disorder is a mental health condition that affects millions in the United States. Understanding this condition, including dispelling its myths, helps patients seek proper treatment. Here is more information on what this disorder is, its causes, symptoms, common myths, and available treatments:
What Is Bipolar Disorder?
Bipolar disorder is a mental health condition characterized by extreme mood swings that include emotional highs (mania or hypomania) and lows (depression). These shifts in mood can affect energy, behavior, thought patterns, and daily functioning. This disorder is a long-term condition, though symptoms can be managed effectively through treatment and lifestyle adjustments.
There are three primary types of this condition. Bipolar I involves at least one manic episode, which may be accompanied by depressive episodes. Bipolar II is defined by hypomanic episodes and major depressive episodes, but does not include full manic episodes. Cyclothymic disorder involves periods of hypomanic symptoms and depressive symptoms that are less severe than those seen in Bipolar I or II.
What Causes It?
The exact cause of this disorder remains unclear, but there are several contributing factors. Genetics plays a role, as individuals with a family history of bipolar disorder have a higher likelihood of developing the condition. Changes in brain structure and function may also contribute to its development. Environmental factors, such as stressful life events or traumatic experiences, may trigger the onset of bipolar symptoms in those predisposed to the disorder.
What Are the Symptoms?
Symptoms vary depending on whether an individual is experiencing a manic, depressive, or hypomanic episode. Symptoms of mania or hypomania include heightened energy, racing thoughts, impulsive decision-making, reduced need for sleep, and an unusually elevated or irritable mood. During depressive episodes, individuals may experience low energy, fatigue, difficulty concentrating, feelings of hopelessness, changes in appetite, and suicidal thoughts.
What Are Some Myths About This Disorder?
Myths about mental health conditions can hinder understanding and effective treatment. Here are some common myths and why they are untrue:
- Constant mood swings characterize this disorder: While mood swings are a hallmark of the condition, they do not occur continuously or without warning. Episodes of mania or depression typically last for weeks or months rather than changing multiple times a day.
- Only extreme behaviors indicate bipolar disorder: Not all individuals with this disorder demonstrate severe behaviors. Hypomania may result in increased productivity and sociability without the extreme behaviors associated with full mania.
- Bipolar disorder is the same as being moody: Moodiness and bipolar disorder are different. While temporary mood changes are common in everyday life, this disorder involves clinically significant shifts that disrupt functioning and require professional intervention.
- Medication alone can cure it: Medication is a key component of management, but it does not cure this disorder. Effective treatment often combines medication, counseling, and lifestyle adjustments to address its complexities.
What Are the Available Treatment Options?
Treatment often involves a multi-faceted approach. Medications such as mood stabilizers may be prescribed to manage symptoms. These medications regulate mood swings and help reduce the frequency and intensity of episodes.
In-house counseling is another treatment that helps individuals identify patterns, manage stress, and develop coping strategies to maintain emotional stability. Lifestyle modifications further enhance an individual’s ability to manage this condition. Daily exercise can help stabilize your mood, while meditation and breathwork can reduce stress and foster emotional balance.
Seek Proper Treatment Today
Bipolar disorder is a manageable condition when addressed with the right combination of strategies. Understanding its symptoms and challenging misconceptions about the disorder marks the start of this process. If you or someone you know is experiencing symptoms, seek professional care now.
