Skin cancer is one of the most common forms of cancer diagnosed today. It develops when skin cells grow in abnormal ways, and this is often a result of damage to the DNA within those cells. People may encounter skin cancer at some point, whether personally or through a family member, which makes a general understanding of skin cancer services helpful for people of all ages.
What Is Skin Cancer?
Skin cancer refers to the abnormal growth of skin cells, most often in areas that receive frequent sun exposure. Dermatologists generally group skin cancer into several main types, and each is named for the cells in which it begins. Basal cell carcinoma is among the most frequently identified types. It tends to develop in the deepest layer of the outer skin and often appears on the face, neck, or other sun-exposed regions.
Squamous cell carcinoma begins in the flat cells near the surface of the skin; it may present as a scaly patch or a firm bump. Melanoma, while less common than the previous two, is known for its ability to spread if not identified early. It often develops within or near a mole and may show changes in color, shape, or size. Because skin cancer can present in different ways, dermatologists encourage routine self-examination. Watching for new growths, sores that do not heal, or moles that change over time may help individuals notice concerning signs earlier.
What Causes It?
The most widely recognized factor linked to skin cancer is exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation. This radiation comes primarily from the sun, but tanning beds and other artificial sources also contribute. UV rays damage the DNA in skin cells over time, which may lead to abnormal growth. Several other factors are associated with a higher likelihood of developing skin cancer. These include fair skin that burns easily, a history of frequent sunburns, a large number of moles, and a family history of the disease.
There are practical steps that may help lower exposure to known risk factors. Applying broad-spectrum sunscreen with an adequate sun protection factor is a common recommendation, along with reapplying it throughout the day. Wearing protective clothing and wide-brimmed hats can shield the skin during extended time outdoors, and avoiding tanning beds is another preventative measure.
Regular skin checks remain a helpful habit. Individuals are encouraged to examine their own skin at home, and they can schedule periodic professional evaluations. These allow specialists to review certain areas, which may be difficult to see without assistance.
What Skin Cancer Services Exist?
Dermatology practices offer a range of skin cancer services, from early detection through treatment. Skin examinations are a foundational service, and a dermatologist can review the skin for unusual growths, discoloration, or changes in existing moles. If an area appears suspicious, a biopsy may be performed.
When treatment is needed, several approaches exist. Surgical removal of affected tissue is common; the specific method depends on the type, size, and location of the growth. Mohs surgery is one specialized technique used for certain skin cancers. It involves removing thin layers of tissue and examining each layer under a microscope until no abnormal cells remain, which helps preserve healthy surrounding skin. Other treatment options may include cryotherapy, as well as radiation and chemotherapy in select cases.
Meet With a Dermatologist
Understanding skin cancer, as well as the services that address it, can support informed decisions about skin health. Routine monitoring, protective habits, and professional evaluation each contribute to earlier awareness of skin changes. A dermatologist can review your skin, and they will recommend an appropriate course of action based on individual needs.
